 EYFS
By the end of EYFS children will be able to: - Use more complex sentences to link thoughts when speaking e.g. using ‘and’ and ‘because’.
- Understand prepositions, such as ‘under’, ‘on top’, ‘behind’ by carrying out an action or selecting a correct picture.
- Question why things happen and give explanations and ask questions e.g. who, what, when, how.
- Use a range of tenses in speech e.g. play, playing, will play, played.
- Answer ‘how’ and ‘why’ questions about their experiences and in response to stories or events.
- Use past, present and future forms accurately when talking about events that have happened or are going to happen in the future.
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 Year 1
By the end of Year 1 children will be able to: - Understanding the concepts set out in the National Curriculum English Appendix 2 by:
- Leave spaces between words.
- Join words and clauses using ‘and’.
- Punctuate sentences using a capital letter and a full stop, question mark or exclamation mark.
- Use a capital letter for names of people, places, the days of the week and the personal pronoun ‘I’.
- Learn the grammar for Year 1 in the National Curriculum Appendix 2.
- Use the grammatical terminology in the National Curriculum English Appendix 2 in discussing their writing.
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 Year 2
By the end of Year 2 children will be able to: - Understand the concepts set out in the National Curriculum English Appendix 2 by:
- Use both familiar and new punctuation correctly, including full stops, capital letters, exclamation marks, question marks, commas in a list and apostrophes for contracted forms and singular possession.
- Know how to use:
- Sentences with different forms: statement, question, exclamation, command.
- Expanded noun phrases to describe and specify.
- Present and past tenses correctly and consistently, including the progressive form.
- Subordination and coordination.
- Some features of written Standard English.
- The grammar for Year 2 in the National Curriculum English Appendix 2.
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 Year 3
By the end of Year 3 children will be able to: Skills in LKS2 will be introduced in Year 3 and revisited in Year 4 to provide children with the opportunity to master the skills taught before transitioning to UKS2. - Understand the concepts set out in the National Curriculum English Appendix 2 by:
- Extending the range of sentences with more than one clause by using a wider range of conjunctions, including when, if, because, although.
- Use the present perfect form of verbs in contrast to the past tense.
- Choose nouns or pronouns appropriately for clarity and cohesion and to avoid repetition.
- Use conjunctions, adverbs and prepositions to express time and cause.
- Use fronted adverbials.
- Learn the grammar for Year 3 and 4 as detailed in the National Curriculum English Appendix 2.
- Indicate grammatical and other features by:
- Using commas after fronted adverbials.
- Indicating possession by using the possessive apostrophe for plural nouns.
- Using and punctuating direct speech.
- Use and understand the grammatical terminology as detailed in the National Curriculum English Appendix 2.
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 Year 4
By the end of Year 4 children will be able to: In Year 4 children will revisit the skills introduced in Year 3 to build confidence, independence and mastery. - Understand the concepts set out in the National Curriculum English Appendix 2 by:
- Extend the range of sentences with more than one clause by using a wider range of conjunctions, including when, if, because, although.
- Use the present perfect form of verbs in contrast to the past tense.
- Choose nouns or pronouns appropriately for clarity and cohesion and to avoid repetition.
- Use conjunctions, adverbs and prepositions to express time and cause.
- Use fronted adverbials.
- Learn the grammar for Year 3 and 4 as detailed in the National Curriculum English Appendix 2.
- Indicate grammatical and other features by:
- Using commas after fronted adverbials.
- Indicating possession by using the possessive apostrophe for plural nouns.
- Using and punctuating direct speech.
- Use and understand the grammatical terminology as detailed in the National Curriculum English Appendix 2.
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 Year 5
By the end of Year 5 children will be able to: Skills in UKS2 will be introduced in Year 5 and revisited in Year 6 to provide children with the opportunity to master the skills taught before transitioning to UKS2. - Understand the concepts set out in the National Curriculum English Appendix 2 by:
- Recognising vocabulary and structures that are appropriate for formal speech and writing, including subjunctive forms.
- Use passive verbs to affect the presentation of information in a sentence.
- Use the perfect form of verbs to mark relationships of time and cause.
- Use expanded noun phrases to convey complicated information concisely.
- Use modal verbs or adverbs to indicate degrees of possibility.
- Use relative clauses beginning with who, which, where, when, whose, that or with an implied relative pronoun.
- Learn the grammar for Years 5 and 6 as detailed in the National Curriculum English Appendix 2.
- Indicate grammatical and other features by:
- Using commas to clarify meaning or avoid ambiguity in writing.
- Using hyphens to avoid ambiguity.
- Using brackets, dashes or commas to indicate parenthesis.
- Using semi-colons, colons or dashes to mark boundaries between independent clauses.
- Using a colon to introduce a list.
- Punctuating bullet points consistently.
- Use and understand the grammatical terminology as detailed in the National Curriculum English Appendix 2 accurately and appropriately in discussing their reading and writing.
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 Year 6
By the end of Year 6 children will be able to: In Year 6 children will revisit the skills introduced in Year 5 to build confidence, independence and mastery to ensure they are fully prepared for transition to secondary school. - Understand the concepts set out in the National Curriculum English Appendix 2 by:
- Recognising vocabulary and structures that are appropriate for formal speech and writing, including subjunctive forms.
- Using passive verbs to affect the presentation of information in a sentence.
- Using the perfect form of verbs to mark relationships of time and cause
- Using expanded noun phrases to convey complicated information concisely.
- Using modal verbs or adverbs to indicate degrees of possibility.
- Using relative clauses beginning with who, which, where, when, whose, that or with an implied relative pronoun.
- Learning the grammar for Years 5 and 6 as detailed in the National Curriculum English Appendix 2.
- Indicate grammatical and other features by:
- Using commas to clarify meaning or avoid ambiguity in writing.
- Using hyphens to avoid ambiguity.
- Using brackets, dashes or commas to indicate parenthesis.
- Using semi-colons, colons or dashes to mark boundaries between independent clauses.
- Using a colon to introduce a list.
- Punctuating bullet points consistently.
- Use and understand the grammatical terminology as detailed in the National Curriculum English Appendix 2 accurately and appropriately in discussing their reading and writing.
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