Geometry

EYFS

By the end of EYFS the children will be able to:

• Show an interest in shape and space by playing with shapes or making arrangements with objects.
• Show an interest in shape through sustained construction activities or by talking about shapes or arrangements.
• Show an interest in shapes in the environment.
• Use shapes appropriately for tasks.
• Talk about shapes in everyday objects e.g. ‘round’ and ‘tall’.
• Use mathematical names for ‘solid’ 3D shapes and ‘flat’ 2D shapes, and mathematical terms to describe shapes.
• Select particular names shapes.
• Demonstrate awareness of similarities of shapes in the environment.
• Explore characteristics of everyday objects and shapes and use mathematical language to describe them.
• Use positional language.
• Describe their relative position, such as ‘behind’ or ‘next to’.
• Use familiar objects and common shapes to create and recreate patterns and build models.
• Recognise, create and describe patterns.

Year 1

By the end of YEAR 1 the children will be able to:

• Recognise and name common 2D shapes e.g. triangles, rectangles (including squares), circles.
• Recognise and name common 3D shapes e.g. cuboids (including cubes), pyramids and spheres.
• Describe position, direction and movement, including whole, half, quarter and three-quarter turns.

Year 2

By the end of Year 2 the children will be able to:

• Identify and describe the properties of 2D shapes, including the number of sides and line symmetry in a vertical line.
• Identify 2D shapes on the surface of 3D shapes e.g. a circle on a cylinder and a triangle on a pyramid.
• Compare and sort common 2D shapes and everyday objects.
• Recognise and name common 3D shapes e.g. cuboids (including cubes), pyramids and spheres.
• Compare and sort common 3D shapes and everyday objects.
• Order and arrange combinations of mathematical objects in patterns and sequences.
• Use mathematical vocabulary to describe position, direction and movement in a straight line and distinguishing between rotations as a turn and in terms of right angles for quarter, half and three-quarter turns (clockwise and anti-clockwise).

Year 3

By the end of Year 3 the children will be able to:

• Draw 2D shapes.
• Make 3D shapes using modelling materials; recognise 3D shapes in different orientations and describe them.
• Recognise angles as a property of shape or a description of a turn.
• Identify right angles, recognise that two right angles make a half turn, three make three quarters of a turn and four make a complete turn; identify whether angles and greater than or less than a right angle.
• Identify horizontal and vertical lines and pairs of perpendicular and parallel lines.

Year 4

By the end of Year 4 the children will be able to:

• Compare and classify geometric shapes including quadrilaterals and triangles, based on their properties and sizes.
• Identify lines of symmetry in 2D shapes presented in different orientations.
• Identify acute and obtuse angles and compare and order angles up to two right angles by size.
• Identify lines of symmetry in 2D shapes presented in different orientations.
• Complete a simple symmetric figure with respect to a specific line of symmetry.
• Describe positions on a 2D grid as coordinates in the first quadrant.
• Describe movements between positions as translations of a given unit to the left/right and up/down.
• Plot specified points and draw sides to complete a given polygon.

Year 5

By the end of Year 5 the children will be able to:

• Distinguish between regular and irregular polygons based on reasoning about equal sides and angles.
• Use the properties of rectangle to deduce related facts and find missing lengths and angles.
• Identify 3D shapes, including cubes and other cuboids, from 2D representations.
• Know that angles are measured in degrees; estimate and compare acute, obtuse and reflex angles.
• Draw given angles and measure them in degrees.
• Identify:
  • Angles at a point on one whole turn (total 360°)
  • Angles at a point on a straight line and 1/2 a turn (total 180°)
  • Other multiples of 90°

• Identify, describe and represent the position of a shape following a reflection or translation, using the appropriate language, and know that the shape has not changed.

Year 6

By the end of Year 6 the children will be able to:

• Draw 2D shapes using given dimensions and angles.
• Compare and classify geometric shapes based on their properties and sizes.
• Illustrate and name parts of circles including radius, diameter and circumference and know that the diameter is twice the radius.
• Recognise, describe and build simple 3D shapes, including making nets.
• Find unknown angles in any triangles, quadrilaterals and any regular polygons.
• Recognise angles where they meet at a point, are on a straight line or are vertically opposite and find missing angles.
• Describe positions on the full coordinate grid (all four quadrants).
• Draw and translate simple shapes on the coordinate plane, and reflect them in the axes.