EYFS
By the end of EYFS the children will be able to: - Show an interest in shape and space by playing with shapes or making arrangements with objects.
- Show an interest in shape through sustained construction activities or by talking about shapes or arrangements.
- Show an interest in shapes in the environment.
- Use shapes appropriately for tasks.
- Talk about shapes in everyday objects e.g. ‘round’ and ‘tall’.
- Use mathematical names for ‘solid’ 3D shapes and ‘flat’ 2D shapes, and mathematical terms to describe shapes.
- Select particular names shapes.
- Demonstrate awareness of similarities of shapes in the environment.
- Explore characteristics of everyday objects and shapes and use mathematical language to describe them.
- Use positional language.
- Describe their relative position, such as ‘behind’ or ‘next to’.
- Use familiar objects and common shapes to create and recreate patterns and build models.
- Recognise, create and describe patterns.
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Year 1
By the end of YEAR 1 the children will be able to: - Recognise and name common 2D shapes e.g. triangles, rectangles (including squares), circles.
- Recognise and name common 3D shapes e.g. cuboids (including cubes), pyramids and spheres.
- Describe position, direction and movement, including whole, half, quarter and three-quarter turns.
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Year 2
By the end of Year 2 the children will be able to: - Identify and describe the properties of 2D shapes, including the number of sides and line symmetry in a vertical line.
- Identify 2D shapes on the surface of 3D shapes e.g. a circle on a cylinder and a triangle on a pyramid.
- Compare and sort common 2D shapes and everyday objects.
- Recognise and name common 3D shapes e.g. cuboids (including cubes), pyramids and spheres.
- Compare and sort common 3D shapes and everyday objects.
- Order and arrange combinations of mathematical objects in patterns and sequences.
- Use mathematical vocabulary to describe position, direction and movement in a straight line and distinguishing between rotations as a turn and in terms of right angles for quarter, half and three-quarter turns (clockwise and anti-clockwise).
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Year 3
By the end of Year 3 the children will be able to: - Draw 2D shapes.
- Make 3D shapes using modelling materials; recognise 3D shapes in different orientations and describe them.
- Recognise angles as a property of shape or a description of a turn.
- Identify right angles, recognise that two right angles make a half turn, three make three quarters of a turn and four make a complete turn; identify whether angles and greater than or less than a right angle.
- Identify horizontal and vertical lines and pairs of perpendicular and parallel lines.
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Year 4
By the end of Year 4 the children will be able to: - Compare and classify geometric shapes including quadrilaterals and triangles, based on their properties and sizes.
- Identify lines of symmetry in 2D shapes presented in different orientations.
- Identify acute and obtuse angles and compare and order angles up to two right angles by size.
- Identify lines of symmetry in 2D shapes presented in different orientations.
- Complete a simple symmetric figure with respect to a specific line of symmetry.
- Describe positions on a 2D grid as coordinates in the first quadrant.
- Describe movements between positions as translations of a given unit to the left/right and up/down.
- Plot specified points and draw sides to complete a given polygon.
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Year 5
By the end of Year 5 the children will be able to: - Distinguish between regular and irregular polygons based on reasoning about equal sides and angles.
- Use the properties of rectangle to deduce related facts and find missing lengths and angles.
- Identify 3D shapes, including cubes and other cuboids, from 2D representations.
- Know that angles are measured in degrees; estimate and compare acute, obtuse and reflex angles.
- Draw given angles and measure them in degrees.
- Identify:
- Angles at a point on one whole turn (total 360°)
- Angles at a point on a straight line and 1/2 a turn (total 180°)
- Other multiples of 90°
- Identify, describe and represent the position of a shape following a reflection or translation, using the appropriate language, and know that the shape has not changed.
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Year 6
By the end of Year 6 the children will be able to: - Draw 2D shapes using given dimensions and angles.
- Compare and classify geometric shapes based on their properties and sizes.
- Illustrate and name parts of circles including radius, diameter and circumference and know that the diameter is twice the radius.
- Recognise, describe and build simple 3D shapes, including making nets.
- Find unknown angles in any triangles, quadrilaterals and any regular polygons.
- Recognise angles where they meet at a point, are on a straight line or are vertically opposite and find missing angles.
- Describe positions on the full coordinate grid (all four quadrants).
- Draw and translate simple shapes on the coordinate plane, and reflect them in the axes.
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